I have been involved in understanding the mechanism of mycobacterial persistence against drugs for the last 7 years. We are now applying techniques of microfluidics and time-lapse microscopy to understand how drugs kill mycobacteria and the role of phenotypic heterogeneity in drug tolerance. We have not only applied these cutting-edge technology to understand how existing drugs work but also to characterize novel drugs currently in the pipeline and collaborate with pharmaceutical companies all over the world.